Gordon Rajendram the soil scientist

February 2024

Dr. Gordon Rajendram: Waikato-Based Soil Scientist Navigating the Dynamics of Liming Soil

In the heart of New Zealand’s Waikato region, Dr. Gordon Rajendram, a distinguished soil scientist, stands at the forefront of agricultural research, particularly in the realm of soil health. His work not only delves into the intricate science behind liming but also addresses the critical balance between its agricultural benefits and potential environmental repercussions. Liming soil, a practice essential for neutralising acidity and fostering optimal plant growth, has been a focal point of Dr. Rajendram’s extensive research. With a wealth of knowledge cultivated over years of dedicated study, he emphasises, “Liming contributes significantly to soil health and structure, offering a multifaceted approach to sustainable agriculture.” Understanding the science behind liming is imperative for farmers looking to optimise their crop yields. Dr. Rajendram elucidates the relationship between soil pH and nutrient availability, highlighting the role of liming in regulating pH levels. “By stabilising soil pH, liming creates an environment where essential nutrients become more readily available to plants, promoting their overall health and productivity,” he affirms. However, as with any agricultural practice, the benefits of liming must be weighed against potential environmental impacts. Dr. Rajendram acknowledges this delicate balance, stating, “While liming enhances soil fertility, it is imperative to manage its application judiciously to prevent adverse environmental effects.” One notable concern is the risk of nutrient leaching, which can compromise water quality and harm aquatic ecosystems. Sustainable liming practices, guided by thorough soil testing and analysis, offer a solution to this challenge. Farmers, armed with the insights provided by Dr. Rajendram, can adopt responsible practices that align with both agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. The environmental implications of liming soil underscore the necessity for a nuanced and thoughtful approach. Dr. Gordon Rajendram’s extensive research and dedication to sustainable agriculture not only contribute to the thriving crops of the Waikato region but also serve as a beacon for responsible environmental stewardship. As farmers navigate the dynamics of liming soil, they are guided by the wisdom of a soil scientist committed to the delicate equilibrium between agricultural progress and ecological resilience. Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram 021 466077 rajendram@xtra.co.nz www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz Contact Phillip Quay phillip@mediapa.co.nz 027 458 7724 www.mediapa.co.nz

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Soil Scientist Dr. Gordon Rajendram PhD (Waikato Uni & AgResearch)

Liming Soil for Different Crops: Practical Insights from Waikato – Based Soil Scientist Dr Gordon Rajendram

When it comes to liming soil for diverse crops, a personalised approach is not just a suggestion—it’s a practical necessity. Dr. Gordon Rajendram, a seasoned agricultural scientist deeply entrenched in the field, has consistently stressed the importance of understanding the unique needs of each crop. It becomes the key to unlocking the full potential of the harvest. “In the world of agriculture, precision is the best ally. Tailoring liming practices for different crops ensures the creation of an environment where each plant can thrive optimally,” emphasises Dr. Rajendram. Taking potatoes and brassicas as examples—they prefer slightly acidic to neutral soils, while blueberries thrive in a more acidic environment. Aligning liming practices with these preferences is more than just a strategy; it’s a practical way to provide the right conditions for each crop’s success. Timing matters. Some crops benefit from pre-planting liming, while others may need it during the growing season. Crop rotation and historical soil conditions should guide farmers in determining the best time for liming. This practical approach ensures that crops get the lime boost precisely when needed, maximising growth and yield. Farmers should not overlook the quantity of lime applied. Different crops have different tolerance levels to soil acidity, and an excess of lime can upset the balance. Practical farmers rely on soil testing and analysis to pinpoint the exact amount of lime needed for specific crops and soil conditions. In the end, tailoring liming practices is all about practicality and optimisation. It’s about recognising the distinct needs of each crop and making adjustments accordingly. By doing so, farmers aren’t just supporting the health and productivity of their crops—they are embodying practical, sustainable agriculture that respects the individual requirements of diverse plant species. Personalised liming becomes the ticket to a thriving and balanced agricultural ecosystem. Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram 021 466077 rajendram@xtra.co.nz www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz Contact Phillip Quay phillip@mediapa.co.nz 027 458 7724 www.mediapa.co.nz

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Waikato Based Dr. Gordon Rajendram: Nurturing New Zealand’s Soil with a Personal Touch

Amidst the picturesque landscapes of New Zealand’s agriculture, Dr. Gordon Rajendram stands as a beacon of expertise and commitment in the realm of soil health. Armed with a Ph.D. from Waikato University and a wealth of experience garnered during his 22 years at AgResearch’s Ruakura Research Centre, Dr. Rajendram is a distinguished figure in the field of soil science. A Pioneer in Soil Fertility: Dr. Rajendram, with over 70 publications and six patents to his name, has been at the forefront of soil fertility research in New Zealand. His extensive contributions have been pivotal in advancing the agricultural industry. Notably, during his tenure at AgResearch, he developed two field-calibrated soil tests for Nitrogen and Sulphur, both integral components of the Overseer nutrient model used for agronomic advice nationwide. Personalised Approach: What sets Dr. Rajendram apart is his commitment to a personalised approach in his interactions with farmers. Believing in the importance of face-to-face communication, he continues to visit farms across New Zealand. This personal touch allows him to understand the specific challenges faced by each farmer, ensuring that his recommendations are tailored to their unique needs. Independent Fertiliser Consultant: Dr. Rajendram’s independence is a cornerstone of his consultancy services, bringing over 35 years of experience in analytical testing development, applied research, and consulting to farmers and fertiliser companies. Unlinked to any fertiliser company, he provides farmers with unbiased and expert advice. His dedication to offering the most accurate guidance aligns with his mission to help farmers enhance the quality of their soil and achieve sustainable success. Commitment to Sustainable Agriculture: Dr. Rajendram’s commitment to sustainable farming practices is evident in his research on nutrient leaching, which has been incorporated into the Overseer nutrient model. This dedication extends beyond the laboratory, as he actively works towards helping New Zealand farmers maximise their soil potential for increased efficiency, sustainability, and profitability. Conclusion: In the dynamic landscape of New Zealand agriculture, Dr. Gordon Rajendram’s journey from pioneering soil fertility research to independent consulting showcases a lifelong commitment to the betterment of farming practices. His invaluable contributions, personalised approach, and unwavering dedication to sustainability make him a trusted advisor for farmers seeking to unlock the full potential of their soil for a more efficient, sustainable, and profitable future. Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram 021 466077 rajendram@xtra.co.nz www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz Contact Phillip Quay 027 458 7724 phillip@mediapa.co.nz www.mediapa.co.nz

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Advancing Sustainable Agriculture in New Zealand: Dr. Gordon Rajendram and Agraforum Present EL-I Tech’s Biodynamic Nitrogen

In the pursuit of sustainable agricultural practices, Dr. Gordon Rajendram, a Hamilton-based soil scientist, in collaboration with Agraforum of Ashburton, introduces EL-I Tech’s Biodynamic Nitrogen (Bio N) as a groundbreaking biological approach to address nitrogen deficiency in New Zealand soils. This innovative approach to nitrogen fixation, pioneered in South Africa by Gerhard Vermaak and dubbed EL-I Tech involves the application of microbes and substrate through foliar spraying, facilitating the biological fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere for plant utilisation. The trials, conducted in collaboration with Agraforum, took place on three dairy farms in mid-Canterbury from early November 2023 to the end of January 2024, spanning a 12-week period. The comprehensive study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Bio N in comparison to traditional synthetic nitrogen (urea), focusing on pasture growth, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact. On Eiffleton farm, where both Bio N and Urea were applied, Dr. Gordon Rajendram observed that Bio N exhibited comparable daily growth rates to Urea over a 9-week period. Moreover, the total pasture produced using Bio N slightly surpassed that of Urea, demonstrating its effectiveness in sustaining pasture growth. Farm 1: Eiffleton farm Table 1c: Total pasture produced over a 63-day period (kg dry matter/hectare) Bio N (kg DM/hectare) Urea (kg DM/hectare) 5103 4977 Similarly, on Farm 2 Maronan farm, Bio N, applied only once on 8th November 2023, demonstrated competitive growth rates with Urea over an 11-week period. The total pasture produced with Bio N exceeded that of Urea, showcasing its potential for cost-effective pasture management. Farm 2: Maronan Farm Table 2c: Total pasture produced over a 77-day period (kg dry matter/hectare) Time Bio N (kg DM/hectare) Urea (kg DM/hectare) 77 days 6160 5698 On the Alford Forest Area farm, where Bio N was applied only once on 27th November 2023, the results were consistent. Bio N offered comparable growth rates and kept a consistent total pasture production alongside Urea over 8 weeks. Farm 3: Alford Forest Area Table 3c: Total pasture produced over a 64-day period (kg dry matter/hectare) Time Bio N (kg DM/hectare) Urea (kg DM/hectare) 64 days 3712 3968 The collaborative efforts of Dr. Gordon Rajendram and Agraforum underscore that Bio N not only matches Urea in pasture growth but also requires only one application compared to multiple rounds of Urea. Additionally, the cost of producing pasture with Bio N is lower than that of Urea, making it an economically viable alternative. The potential environmental benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint, are acknowledged, although further research is needed for a comprehensive evaluation. In conclusion, EL-I Tech, presented by Dr. Gordon Rajendram and Agraforum, Biodynamic Nitrogen emerges as a promising biological solution for overcoming nitrogen deficiency in New Zealand soils, providing sustainable and cost-effective alternatives to traditional synthetic nitrogen applications. Photo: “Bio N applied on this pasture.  Visually, Where Bio N is applied in paddocks, I found the pasture cover over the paddock is very uniform. i.e. urine patches did not stick out.” – Dr Gordon Rajendram Contact Agraforum 0800 488 118 allan@agraforum.co.nz www.agraforum.co.nz/contact-us Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram 021 466077 rajendram@xtra.co.nz www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz Contact Phillip Quay 027 458 7724 phillip@mediapa.co.nz www.mediapa.co.nz

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Soil Testing and Analysis Techniques for New Zealand Farmers and Gardeners

An opinion piece by Hamilton-based soil scientist Dr. Gordon Rajendram In New Zealand, where agriculture and gardening are vital components of the economy and lifestyle, understanding and optimizing soil health, including soil fertility in New Zealand, is crucial for successful crop production and gardening. Soil testing and analysis are powerful tools that provide valuable insights into soil composition, nutrient levels, and other critical factors that influence plant growth. Here, we explore some key techniques for soil testing and analysis that benefit New Zealand’s farmers and gardeners while addressing the importance of soil health, farm profitability, and farming practices in New Zealand. Soil Sampling: The process begins with soil sampling, where small samples are collected from various locations in the garden or field. Sampling should be representative of the entire area and consider variations in soil types. Soil pH Testing: Soil pH is a fundamental parameter that determines nutrient availability. In New Zealand, the optimal pH range varies depending on the crop or plant, but most prefer slightly acidic to neutral soils. Soil pH can be measured using pH testing kits or digital pH meters. Nutrient Analysis and Fertilisation: New Zealand soils can be nutrient deficient, and nutrient analysis is essential to understand what fertilizers or soil amendments are needed. Standard soil tests assess essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but micronutrients like copper, boron and zinc should also be considered. Organic Matter and Texture: Determining the organic matter content of the soil and its texture (sandy, loamy, clayey) provides insights into soil structure and water retention. Organic matter content is crucial for fertility, and the right texture is essential for root development. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC): CEC reflects the soil’s ability to retain and exchange cations (positively charged ions). Understanding CEC helps in optimizing nutrient management and reducing leaching. Soil Microbiology and Soil Health: Assessing the soil’s microbial activity, including the presence of beneficial mycorrhizal fungi, can provide insights into the biological health of the soil. Soil Contaminant Testing: In urban or industrial areas, soil contamination can be a concern, and testing for heavy metals or other contaminants is essential for ensuring food safety and environmental health. Comprehensive Analysis and Inflation in New Zealand: Many soil laboratories in New Zealand offer comprehensive soil analysis services, providing a full picture of soil health and recommendations for soil amendments. Addressing inflation in New Zealand’s agriculture sector is vital for maintaining farm profitability. Once the soil analysis is complete, farmers and gardeners can make informed decisions about soil amendments, organic matter additions, and nutrient management strategies. Regular testing and analysis are essential to monitor changes in soil health over time and make necessary adjustments to optimize plant growth and crop yields. In conclusion, soil testing and analysis techniques, as advocated by soil scientist Gordon Rajendram, are invaluable tools for New Zealand farmers and gardeners. By understanding the unique characteristics of their soil, they can implement sustainable and productive agricultural and gardening practices, contributing to the success of New Zealand’s vital agricultural sector and the beauty of its gardens. Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram 021 466077 rajendram@xtra.co.nz www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz Contact Phillip Quay Phone: 0274 587 724 Email: phillip@mediapa.co.nz  Website: https://mediapa.co.nz/  Facebook: facebook.com/mediapa

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